Compare the Ruined Maid by Thomas Hardy and Cousin Kate by Christina Rosetti Essay Example For Students

Analyze the Ruined Maid by Thomas Hardy and Cousin Kate by Christina Rosetti Essay Toward the start of the Victorian time frame womens lives were extremely restricted: they couldn't possess cash; they were their spouses property, and on the off chance that they had no male family members to help them they were down and out. Among the couple of decent occupations accessible were instructing and taking in weaving, however these were ineffectively paid. Until 1863 young ladies were banished from sitting open assessments on the grounds that the expert diary of specialists broadcasted that Higher Education will create level chested ladies incapable to have babies. One of every four Victorian ladies never wedded, which prompted tremendous quantities of ladies living in the city, asking and undermining themselves. In this way, male Victorian essayists and artists had two clashing pictures of ladies: the unadulterated, and the destroyed. Symbolism is a method that is utilized as often as possible in Cousin Kate and The Ruined Maid. In Cousin Kate the house keeper says even so I sit and cry in dust, you sit in gold and sing. This makes a picture of how awful Kate is feeling. The utilization of the word yell gives us a comprehension of how vexed the servant is, and how terrible she feels. It likewise makes us contrast her crying with the sound of a wolf. There is likewise a great deal of symbolism in The Ruined Maid. The vast majority of the symbolism in The Ruined Maid is about Melias appearance and how she is so unique since she has been demolished. Descriptive words, for example, splendid, gay, and fragile, develop an image of Melias appearance. A great deal of the language utilized in Cousin Kate is emblematic. The house cleaner says you sit in gold and sing. Gold is an image of riches and wealth; singing speaks to bliss. The house cleaner is revealing to us that she feels forlorn, grimy and miserable. The Ruined Maid doesn't utilize imagery in the sonnet. The Ruined Maid is a straightforward, parody sonnet, which utilized a great deal of thyme and exchange. Another procedure utilized in the two sonnets is reiteration, which is principally utilized for accentuation. In Cousin Kate it rehashes for what reason did an incredible master discover me out. This burdens her misery over the circumstance. In The Ruined Maid the words destroyed says she, are rehashed toward the finish of each stanza, focusing on the way that she is demolished. In Cousin Kate the storyteller feels embarrassed by her relationship with the Lord. She depicts her existence with his as improper, disgraceful. Thinking back on her relationship I think she feels filthy and utilized, in light of the fact that in the sonnet she says: So now I groan a messy thing, who may have been a pigeon. The storyteller in Cousin Kate is very pleased with her child, in spite of turning into an outsider among her neighbors. She considers her child a blessing that Kate isn't probably going to get. She cherishes her child and is defensive towards him. My blond child, my disgrace, my pride, stick close, closer yet. In The Ruined Maid, by differentiate she doesn't feel embarrassed by her ruin. Melia says to her old companion that they dress gayer and more brilliant when they are destroyed. She likewise says that Some clean is picked up with ones ruin, We never accomplish work when were destroyed and Ones quite exuberant when demolished demonstrating that she is in an ideal situation since she is destroyed, on the grounds that she used to consider home life a witch ridden dream, when she was burrowing potatoes, and spudding up docks. This sonnet by Thomas Hardy ridicules the Victorian perspective on whores as bound and demolished ladies, and recommends that they may in actuality be upbeat and refined. .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba , .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba .postImageUrl , .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba , .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba:hover , .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba:visited , .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba:active { border:0!important; } .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: darkness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba:active , .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba:hover { murkiness: 1; change: mistiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba .focused content region { width: 100%; position: rel ative; } .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-adornment: underline; } .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; fringe range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-improvement: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u013d685d6cd9256f 7ec3a60c747499ba .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u013d685d6cd9256f7ec3a60c747499ba:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: The darkling Thrush and Neutral tones EssayIndeed, their high wages and coming about monetary freedom made whores the primary women's activists. Though in Cousin Kate, the storyteller is crushed by her ruin since she used to work and ranch and was content with her companions and she cherished her activity. Melia in The Ruined Maid detested her activity, so is more joyful now she is demolished. The fundamental complexity between these two sonnets is that Cousin Kate is a genuine love piece and the storyteller is crushed by her ruin and The Ruined Maids is a parody sonnet where Melia is upbeat and refined by her ruin.

Primary Health Care †Indigenous Australian Inequalities Essay

Page 1 The World Health Organization (World Health Organization, 2008) states that the indigenous people groups of Australia are one of the most distraught indigenous gatherings in the created world. The soundness of the Indigenous populace of Australia is an undeniably squeezing issue. Ebb and flow research and insights uncovers incredible imbalance in numerous regions of medicinal services and wellbeing status between the Aboriginal individuals and everyone of Australia. Couzos and Murray (2008, p.29) report that the Indigenous populace has â€Å"the most noticeably awful wellbeing status of any recognizable gathering in Australia, and the least fortunate access to wellbeing frameworks. † This paper will look at the hidden authentic settings and contributing variables that have lead to the present dissimilarity between the strength of the Indigenous Australians and non-Indigenous Australians. Besides, the high pervasiveness of incessant medical problems, for example, diabetes will be broke down and network wellbeing activities that are required or as of now being instituted will be recognized. Numerous explanations behind the present shocking condition of wellbeing and prosperity of the Australian Aboriginal individuals can be clarified by inspecting their ongoing history to the overwhelming effects of colonization, destructive approach, loss of land and long periods of mistreatment. These few hundred years of social obliteration, dispossession and social and political change have brought about ages of injury and sadness (Burke, 2006, para. 4). As detailed by Forsyth (2007, p.35-36), government approaches sanctioned towards the indigenous populace in the mid twentieth Century were concerned fundamentally with insurance and isolation, as the predominant disposition of the time was that the Indigenous individuals were to a great extent sub-par and couldn't enjoy themselves. Forsyth keeps on clarifying of the shamefulness made by the New South Wales parliament with the Aborigines Protection Act of 1909, in which â€Å"every part of their lives was represented, directed and controlled† (Forsyth, 2007, p. 36). Besides the Indigenous individuals of this period couldn't soak up liquor, own property, cast a ballot or live together with non-Indigenous individuals, and the condition of their wellbeing was to a great extent overlooked because of the conviction that they were a withering race. (Couzos et. Page 2 al. 2008, p. 3). Because of this basically complete absence of social insurance, Forsyth depicts the Aboriginal individuals of the time living on the edges of bigger towns as experiencing high paces of visual impairment, irresistible illnesses, bone maladies and explicitly transmitted contaminations (Forsyth, 2007, p.36). The seriousness of these medical problems was exacerbated by dread and doubt of the Aboriginal individuals towards emergency clinics and white individuals (Forsyth, 2007, p. 37). As the twentieth Century advanced it became evident that the Aboriginal populace was not a destined to be terminated race as before suspected, and new political approach calling for digestion and combination mirrored this change, however protectionist and segregationist strategies stayed powerful or proceeded until the 1970s (Couzos et.al. 2008, p. 4). During the 1960s perspectives of Australian culture started to turned out to be progressively worried for the prosperity Indigenous individuals, with expanded social conciousness and mindfulness spreading all through the Western World. Because of expanding political action and exhibition, numerous Aboriginals were constrained off stations in 1966, making an enormous development of Indigenous individuals progressively urban regions, for example, Redfern (Couzos et. al. 2008, p. 7). This unexpected increment in numbers featured the requirement for legitimate human services and administrations, with the principal Aboriginal wellbeing administration built up in 1971. All through the 1970s an expansion in research and detailing of Aboriginal wellbeing brought about many state and province reports all with a similar end, that the wellbeing status of Aboriginal people group was shocking and that there was incredible â€Å"need for expanded need, expanded resourcing, better coordination, and expanded Aboriginal people group investment and control† (Couzos et. al. 2008, p. 10). Anyway next to no move was made until the 1990s2000s where significant political arrangement was acquired and subsidizing made accessible for Aboriginal wellbeing administrations, however they generally remain insufficiently supported and Aboriginal medicinal services is still to a great extent unrepresented and dodged by the Australian Government. The progressing impacts of supremacist and uncalled for political approach and activity can to some extent clarify current parts of brokenness and in general disservice that happens in numerous Indigenous Page 3 networks today. Explicitly this drawback is apparent in numerous territories of network life, with Indigenous individuals being commonly presented to more hazard factors for unexpected weakness than different Australians (Thomson, MacRae, Burns, Catto, Debuyst, Krom, Midford, Potter, Ride, Stumpers and Urquhart, 2010, para. 49). Instances of hazard factors incorporate social factors, for example, dispossession, separation and segregation, instructive factors, for example, poor tutoring, bringing about much lower education and numeracy aptitudes, financial factors, for example, lower pay and higher joblessness, access to great quality human services and GP’s, and physical natural factors, for example, poor and stuffed lodging. Together these hindrances accommodate a higher probability of poor way of life decisions, for example, liquor, tobacco and illegal medication use, a poor and unequal eating regimen, corpulence and an absence of customary exercise (Thomson et. al. 2010, para. 49, Couzos et. al. 2008, p. 79). Poor access to great quality social insurance is one of the key indicators for the predominance of unexpected weakness in a network. There are not many GP’s accessible in remote areas, and because of no or little access to proficient social insurance suppliers, these remote regions are defenseless to unexpected weakness mindfulness and information. As revealed by Thomson et. al. (2010, para. 3), just about one-fourth of Indigenous individuals are delegated living in a remote region with next to no entrance to merchandise and ventures or open doors for social collaboration. Couzos et. al. (2008, p. 18) additionally consider poor access to GP’s as appeared by a 2000-2001 study of GP’s. As announced, just 0. 8% of GP visits were by Indigenous individuals, however they make up 2. 6% of everybody. Moreover, over 70% of GP’s didn't see a solitary Indigenous individual during the review time frame. This under portrayal of the Indigenous populace visiting GP’s shows an unmistakable requirement for expanded access to proficient social insurance, and is only one factor of numerous which exhibits the requirement for development in the wellbeing and prosperity of the Australian Indigenous individuals. Page 4 Diabetes is an interminable metabolic condition which can bring about many major long haul wellbeing confusions, for example, stroke, kidney malady, visual impairment and significantly decreased future (Allman, 2008, p. 80, Zeng, 2006, p. 73). Diabetes can be characterized into three fundamental sorts, with the subsequent kind, non-insulin-dependant diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) the principle structure created because of way of life factors. As revealed by Thomson et. al. (2010, para. 2), NIDDM is as of now â€Å"one of the most significant medical issues for Indigenous populaces across Australia†, with just around half of those with the condition realize they have it, and the extent of influenced Indigenous populace evaluated to associate with 4 four times that of everyone. Couzos et. al. (2008, p. 525) extend that Aboriginal individuals are additionally fundamentally bound to create NIDDM at an a lot more youthful age, bound to be hospitalized, and to kick the bucket from related inconveniences. This over portrayal of diabetes in the Indigenous populace is a consequence of their unexpected frailty status and instruction. Thomson et. al. (2010) report that numerous examinations have connected elevated levels of weight among Indigenous populaces and high pervasiveness of NIDDM. The fundamental variables connected to this elevated levels of stoutness are the generally ongoing accessibility of profoundly prepared and sweet Western nourishments and beverages including liquor and tobacco use, disabled glucose tolerence, hypertriglyceridaemia, hypertension, hyperinsulinaemia and a more significant level of physical latency than non-Indigenous individuals (Thomson et. al. 2010). Diabetes pervasiveness is likewise connected to a lower financial status, and as recently inspected, a high extent of the Indigenous populace experience the ill effects of numerous regions of disservice, which brings about a lower financial status. As further clarified by Thomson et. al. (2010) these impacts are additionally disturbed by unexpected frailty advancement and information, psychological instability and stress, early passionate turn of events and societal position, and late patterns show expanding improvement and predominance of NIDDM. Unmistakably the Aboriginal populace is presented to many hazard factors for diabetes and other constant conditions, and with expanding improvement patterns, clarifies poor death rates and in general unforeseen weakness status of their networks. Page 5. Network based projects are fundamental for the improvement of Indigenous wellbeing because of the affectionate idea of their way of life and frequently remote area. This was started in 2003 at national level with the advancement of The National Strategic Framework for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health, which focused reinforcing of wellbeing administration foundation, availability to wellbeing administrations, and wellbeing advancement, in particular the significance of adjusted nourishment and normal exercise (Couzos et. al. 2008, p.522, Insel, Ross, McMahon and Bernstein, 2010, p. 653). Cribbes and Glaister (2007, p. 167) depict the significance of wellbeing advancement and mindfulness at the network level, with an emphasis on restoring increasingly conventional food decisions and empowering customary chasing abilities. The conventional Indigenous eating regimen is exceptionally nutritious, being high in protein, low in fat and high in com

How to Tell if Your Child Shows Symptoms of Depression

How to Tell if Your Child Shows Symptoms of Depression Depression Childhood Depression Print How to Tell If Your Child Shows Symptoms of Depression Loss of energy and withdrawal may signal a problem By Lauren DiMaria linkedin Lauren DiMaria is a member of the Society of Clinical Research Associates and childhood psychology expert. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren DiMaria Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on January 29, 2020 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD Updated on February 03, 2020 Kaori Ando/Getty Images More in Depression Childhood Depression Causes Symptoms Diagnosis Treatment Types Suicide In This Article Table of Contents Expand Symptoms to Look Out For Causes How to Help View All Back To Top If you think that your child is depressed, it is important to look carefully at your childs symptoms. Depression symptoms can sometimes appear differently in a child as opposed to an adult, so it can sometimes be tough to spot the signs. Knowing what to look for can help you identify signs of depression so you can seek help. Symptoms to Look Out For Symptoms of depression in children tend to be a bit different than those for adults. Where low mood and loss of pleasure are often the two primary symptoms in adults with depression, kids are more likely to experience primary symptoms such as irritability and physical complaints.?? Other symptoms of childhood depression include difficulty focusing and making decisions, extreme shyness, clinging to a parent, feeling hopeless, unexplained physical complaints, sleeping problems, appetite changes, and thoughts or actions of self-harm. If your child or someone else you know is having thoughts of suicide, contact the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-TALK (1-800-273-8255). If you suspect that your child might be depressed, keep an eye out for the following signs. Sadness Children may become sad about many things such as lost relationships, school work, failures, missing out on something, moving, or loss of a friend, pet, or loved one. Try to identify what your child is sad about and provide support. If symptoms of sadness improve or disappear after just a few days, they are probably not related to depression.?? Depressed children may have a general sense of sadness about their life and their future, or they may not be able to identify what they are sad about. They may cry a lot or tear up frequently for no obvious reason. Feelings of sadness that last longer than two weeks are a reason to talk to your childs pediatrician. Withdrawal From Friends and Family Most children will change friends at some point and spend varying amounts of time with their parents. As children go through puberty, they naturally pull away from their families and start identifying more with peers. This is an important developmental step that should not be confused with social withdrawal. When social withdrawal is associated with depression, it can contribute to a childs negative social experiences, which can reinforce depressive symptoms (such as worthlessness or feeling like no one likes or understands them).?? Children who are depressed may dramatically pull away from friends, family, and others who they were once close to.?? They tend to keep to themselves and avoid interactions altogether. They may stop participating in class, social, and extracurricular activities. What to Do When Kids Become Socially Withdrawn Losing Interest in Activities They Once Enjoyed Your child may naturally lose interest in things they once loved, like a favorite toy or TV show, or suddenly declare that they no longer want to engage in a favorite activity. This is different from a child with depression. A depressed child has a hard time finding joy or excitement in anything.?? Your child may be indifferent to almost everything. Kids who are depressed often seem like they are just going through the motions without any joy or pleasure in what they are doing. Feeling Misunderstood Every child will feel misunderstood at some point in time. A depressed child may feel that there is no one who can understand their feelings or that it is pointless to even try to talk about them. Your child may fear trying new things, speaking out, or sharing ideas out of fear of rejection, misinterpretation, or ridicule.?? Academic Decline Children may have academic highs and lows over time. Remember that during times of transition to middle school or high school, course work may become more challenging. A depressed child may have a significant decline in grades.?? Missing school, trouble paying attention, or simply failing to do work are all reasons for such declines in grades. This may be more apparent in a child who had been a high academic achiever in the past. Lack of Energy Everyone gets tired, especially after busy days, hard work, late nights, illnesses, and exercise, but a depressed child may seem to always lack energy and motivation.?? Even after an appropriate amount of sleep, a depressed child may complain of being tired, move slowly, or take a disproportionate amount of time to complete a task. Guilt Feelings of excessive and unrelenting guilt are common in children with depressive disorders, such as  major depressive disorder, depressive episodes in bipolar disorder, and dysthymia.?? A child with depression may blame themselves for anything that goes wrong, even if it is out of their control. Guilt can also contribute to feelings of sadness,  worthlessness, and  hopelessness. If your childs guilt seems to be worsening, lasts longer than two weeks, and is present with other signs of depression, seek out your doctor or mental health professional. Worthlessness Children with depressive disorders may feel worthless frequently or for long periods of time, especially following a negative event. Children who experience feelings of worthlessness typically think they are weak, inadequate, or flawed. Children who feel worthless may believe that they are inherently bad and that everything they do is wrong.?? They may not put any effort into their schoolwork, engage in unstable relationships, or not even try to connect with others because they believe that their efforts will fail or cause additional problems. Feelings of worthlessness or other symptoms of depression for more than a week or two may require treatment from your childs pediatrician or mental health provider. Impulsivity and Aggression For some depressed children and adolescents, their emotions may cause them to feel angry toward the people or things that they believe are the sources of their pain. This can lead to impulsive and aggressive reactions. Impulsive behaviors are quick reactions to events (usually negative) without regard for consequences. Impulsive behaviors often, but do not always, lead to aggressive actions. Aggressive behaviors may be directed inward in the form of self-injury, or at someone or something else through angry outbursts, harassment, property damage, or violence.?? Causes Childhood depression is a complex condition that has many causes. A number of different factors can contribute to the onset of depression in kids. Depression affects many children. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports that 3.2% of kids between the ages of 3 and 17 have been diagnosed with depression.?? Some of the risk factors that can contribute to childhood depression include: Family history: Having close family members and relatives with depression increases the risk of experiencing childhood depression. One 30-year study found that those with the highest risk of depression were those with two previous generations of family members with depression.??Brain chemistry: Imbalances in certain neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine can play a role in causing depression.Stress: Life events such as moving and divorce can play a role in causing childhood depression.Environment: A chaotic or unstable home life can be a risk factor for depression, as can experiencing social isolation or bullying at school.Physical health: Health conditions, particularly chronic illnesses such as type 1 diabetes, can increase the risk of experiencing childhood depression.?? Why Some People Are More Prone to Depression How to Help If you think that your child may be depressed, consult with your pediatrician, who can evaluate the symptoms, rule out an underlying medical illness, and recommend the appropriate treatment. Here are a few things that you can do to help your child cope with feelings of depression. Monitor Your Childs Moods Watch for symptoms such as sadness, irritability, loss of pleasure, change of appetite, change of sleep habits, tiredness, feelings of worthlessness, and thoughts of death. Talk to a health professional if your child shows such signs. Provide Reassurance Let your child know that depression is nothing to be ashamed of; depression is an illness just like the flu and getting the right treatment can help kids get better. Encourage Your Child to Talk About Feelings Give your child the right to have these feelings. Children can easily get the idea that its not OK to feel depressed and start to hide their feelings rather than deal with them in a healthy way. Teach Your Child Its OK to Ask for Help Kids need to know that there will be help available when they need it. Give them a list of people they may talk to such as yourself, a teacher, or a counselor. Never Minimize Your Childs Feelings It may seem small to you, but what counts is how it feels to your child. Listen and be a source of support. Watch Your Own Behavior Be aware of the impact your own responses to life are having on your child. Your child learns coping skills by watching you. A Word From Verywell It can be difficult to know whether your child is depressed or having a mild reaction to a negative event, but you are not alone. Many parents struggle with understanding what their child is thinking and feeling. Fortunately, there are many ways to find support and treatment. An Overview of Childhood Depression

Compare and Contrast Ancient India and Egypt Combined...

Compare and Contrast ancient India and Egypt combined politics and religion Through history, religion has shaped civilizations in several aspects. In ancient Indian and Egyptian civilizations it was very strong shaping force in political structures, but both the religious beliefs and the resulting political system were different, just like pharaohs were different from rajas. The way Egyptians and Indians blended religion with politics bears certain similarities. First of all, the central role of priests, who were the Egyptians pharaohs most important advisors during the New Kingdom and at one point gained more power than the pharaoh himself. In the other hand, in India priests or Brahmans were also important political figures since they†¦show more content†¦Because of this, priests and nobles overthrew this religious system in Egypt and regained their power. Even though religion was an important part of the Indian political system, neither rajas nor later emperors established a theocracy, while the Egyptian pharaohs did. In Egypt the pharaohs were religious and political figures, in fact, during the New Kingdom they had no standing army, while Rajas were warriors and the authority of Indian emperors also derived from military power. This is due because Egyptian civilization was peaceful through most of its history, so religion, rather tan an army was used to justify the pharaohs rule. In India, on the other hand, Indo-Aryan tribes spread through war, and the Indian empire was established by overthrowing the Macedonians through military conquest. So in both the positions of the Raja and the emperor were sustained by their ability to conquer and subdue others, even during the reign of Asoka diplomacy was used to expand the empires domains. 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Battle of Santiago de Cuba in the Spanish-American War

The climatic naval battle of the Spanish-American War, the Battle of Santiago de Cuba resulted in a decisive victory for the US Navy and the complete destruction of the Spanish squadron. Anchored in Santiago harbor in southern Cuba, Spanish Admiral Pascual Cerveras six ships found themselves blockaded by the US Navy in the late spring of 1898. With the advance of American forces ashore, Cerveras position became untenable and on July 3 he attempted to escape with his squadron. Cervera was soon intercepted by American battleships and cruisers under Rear Admiral William T. Sampson and Commodore William S. Schley. In a running battle, the superior American firepower reduced Cerveras ships to burning wrecks. The loss of Cerveras squadron effectively cut off Spanish forces in Cuba. Situation Prior to July 3 Following sinking of USS Maine and the outbreak of war between Spain and the United States on April 25, 1898, the Spanish government dispatched a fleet under Admiral Pascual Cervera to defend Cuba. Though Cervera was against such a move, preferring to engage the Americans near the Canary Islands, he obeyed and after evading the US Navy arrived at Santiago de Cuba in late May. On May 29, Cerveras fleet was spotted in the harbor by Commodore Winfield S. Schleys Flying Squadron. Two days later, Rear Admiral William T. Sampson arrived with the US North Atlantic Squadron and after taking overall command began a blockade of the harbor. Rear Admiral William T. Sampson, USN. US Naval History and Heritage Command Commanders Fleets US North Atlantic Squadron - Rear Admiral William T. Sampson Armored Cruiser USS New York (flagship)Battleship USS Iowa (BB-4)Battleship USS Indiana (BB-1)Battleship USS Oregon (BB-3)Armed Yacht Gloucester US Flying Squadron - Commodore Winfield Scott Schley Armored Cruiser USS Brooklyn (flagship)Battleship USS TexasBattleship USS Massachusetts (BB-2)Armed Yacht USS Vixen Spanish Caribbean Squadron - Admiral Pascual Cervera Armored Cruiser Infanta Maria Teresa (flagship)Armored Cruiser Almirante OquendoArmored Cruiser VizcayaArmored Cruiser Cristobal ColonTorpedo Boat Destroyer PlutonTorpedo Boat Destroyer Furor Cervera Decides to Break Out While at anchor in Santiago, Cerveras fleet was protected by the heavy guns of the harbor defenses. In June, his situation became more tenuous following the landing of American troops up the coast at Guantà ¡namo Bay. As the days passed, Cervera waited for inclement weather to scatter the blockade so that he could escape the harbor. Following the American victories at El Caney and San Juan Hill on July 1, the admiral concluded that he would have to fight his way out before the city fell. He decided to wait until 9:00 AM on Sunday July 3, hoping to catch the American fleet while it conducting church services (Map). Spanish Navy armored cruisers Cristà ³bal Colà ³n (left) and Vizcaya. US Naval History and Heritage Command The Fleets Meet On the morning of July 3, as Cervera was preparing to break out, Adm. Sampson pulled his flagship, the armored cruiser USS New York, out of line to meet with ground commanders at Siboney leaving Schley in command. The blockade was further weakened by the departure of the battleship USS Massachusetts which had retired to coal. Emerging from Santiago Bay at 9:45, Cerveras four armored cruisers steered southwest, while his two torpedo boats turned southeast. Aboard the armored cruiser USS Brooklyn, Schley signaled the four battleships still on the blockade to intercept. A Running Fight Cervera began the fight from his flagship, Infanta Maria Teresa, by opening fire on the approaching Brooklyn. Schley led the American fleet towards the enemy with the battleships Texas, Indiana, Iowa, and Oregon in line behind. As the Spaniards steamed by, Iowa hit Maria Teresa with two 12 shells. Not wishing to expose his fleet to fire from the entire American line, Cervera turned his flagship to cover their withdrawal and directly engaged Brooklyn. Taken under heavy fire by Schleys ship, Maria Teresa began to burn and Cervera ordered it run aground. The remainder of Cerveras fleet raced for open water but was slowed by inferior coal and fouled bottoms. As the American battleships bore down, Iowa opened fire on Almirante Oquendo, ultimately causing a boiler explosion that forced the crew to scuttle the ship. The two Spanish torpedo boats, Furor and Pluton, were put out of action by fire from Iowa, Indiana, and the returning New York, with one sinking and the other running aground before exploding. End of Vizcaya At the head of the line, Brooklyn engaged the armored cruiser Vizcaya in an hour-long duel at approximately 1,200 yards. Despite firing over three hundred rounds, Vizcaya failed to inflict significant damage on its adversary. Subsequent studies have suggested that as much as eighty-five percent of the Spanish ammunition used during the battle may have been defective. In response, Brooklyn bludgeoned Vizcaya and was joined by Texas. Moving closer, Brooklyn struck Vizcaya with an 8 shell that caused an explosion setting the ship on fire. Turning for shore, Vizcaya ran aground where the ship continued to burn. Oregon Runs Down Cristobal Colon After more than an hours fighting, Schleys fleet had destroyed all but one of Cerveras ships. The survivor, the new armored cruiser Cristobal Colon, continued fleeing along the coast. Recently purchased, the Spanish Navy did not have time to install the ships primary armament of 10 guns before sailing. Slowed due to engine trouble, Brooklyn was unable to catch the retreating cruiser. This allowed the battleship Oregon, which had recently completed a remarkable voyage from San Francisco in the wars early days, to move forward. Following an hour-long chase Oregon opened fire and forced Colon to run aground. USS Oregon (BB-3). US Naval History and Heritage Command Aftermath The Battle of Santiago de Cuba marked the end of large-scale naval operations in the Spanish-American War. In course of the fighting, Sampson and Schleys fleet lost a miraculous 1 killed (Yeoman George H. Ellis, USS Brooklyn) and 10 wounded. Cervera lost all six of his ships, as well as 323 killed and 151 wounded. In addition, approximately 70 officers, including the admiral, and 1,500 men were taken prisoner. With the Spanish Navy unwilling to risk any additional ships in Cuban waters, the islands garrison was effectively cut off, ultimately dooming them to surrender.

Stylistic Analysis of Great Gatsby Free Essays

F. Scott Fitzgerald Born in St. Paul, Minnesota, on September 24, 1896 F. We will write a custom essay sample on Stylistic Analysis of Great Gatsby or any similar topic only for you Order Now Scott Fitzgerald was the son of Edward Fitzgerald, who worked for Proctor and Gamble and brought his family to Buffalo and Syracuse, New York, for most of his son’s first decade. Edward Fitzgerald’s great-great-grandfather was the brother of the grandfather of Francis Scott Key, who wrote the poem â€Å"The Star-Spangled Banner. † This fact was of great significance to Mrs. Fitzgerald, Mollie McQuillan, and later to Scott. Mollie Fitzgerald’s own family could offer no pretensions to aristocracy, but her father, an Irish immigrant who came to America in 1843, was a self-made businessman. Equally important was Fitzgerald’s sense of having come from two widely different Celtic strains. He had early on developed an inferiority complex in a family where the â€Å"black Irish half †¦ had the money and looked down on the Maryland side of the family who had, and really had †¦ ‘breeding,’† according to Scott Donaldson in the Dictionary of Literary Biography. Out of this divergence of classes in his family background arose what critics called F. Scott’s â€Å"double vision. † He had the ability to experience the lifestyle of the wealthy from an insider’s perspective, yet never felt a part of this clique and always felt the outsider. As a youth, Fitzgerald revealed a flair for dramatics, first in St. Paul, where he wrote original plays for amateur production, and later at The Newman Academy in Hackensack, New Jersey. At Princeton, he composed lyrics for the university’s famous Triangle Club productions. Fitzgerald was also a writer and actor with the Triangle Club at college. Before he could graduate, he volunteered for the army during World War I. He spent the weekends writing the earliest drafts of his first novel. The work was accepted for publication in 1919 by Charles Scribner’s Sons. The popular and financial success that accompanied this event enabled Fitzgerald to marry Zelda Sayre, whom he met at training camp in Alabama. Zelda played a pivotal role in the writer’s life, both in a tempestuous way and an inspirational one. Mostly, she shared his extravagant lifestyle and artistic interests. In the 1930s she was diagnosed as a schizophrenic and was hospitalized in Switzerland and then Maryland, where she died in a fire. For some time, Fitzgerald lived with his wife in Long Island. There, the setting for The Great Gatsby, he entertained in a manner similar to his characters, with expensive liquors and entertainment. He revealled in demonstrating the antics of the crazy, irresponsible rich, and carried this attitude wherever he went. Especially on the Riviera in France the Fitzgerald’s befriended the elite of the cultural world and wealthy classes, only to offend most of them in some way by their outrageous behavior. Self-absorbed, drunk, and eccentric, they sought and received attention of all kinds. The party ended with the hospitalization of Zelda for schizophrenia in Prangins, a Swiss clinic, and, coincidentally, with the Great Depression of 1929, which tolled the start of Scott’s personal depression. In the decade before his death, Fitzgerald’s troubles and the debilitating effects of his alcoholism limited the quality and amount of his writing. Nonetheless, it was also during this period that he attempted his most psychologically complex and aesthetically ambitious novel, Tender Is the Night (1934). After Zelda’s breakdown, Fitzgerald became romantically involved with Sheila Graham, a gossip columnist in Hollywood, during the last years of his life. He also wrote but did not finish the novel The Last Tycoon, now considered to be one of his best works, about the Hollywood motion picture industry. Fitzgerald died suddenly of a heart attack, most likely induced by a long addiction to alcohol, on December 21, 1940. At the time of his death, he was virtually forgotten and unread. A growing Fitzgerald revival, begun in the 1950s, led to the publication of numerous volumes of stories, letters, and notebooks. One of his literary critics, Stephen Vincent Benet, concluded in his review of The Last Tycoon, â€Å"You can take off your hats now, gentlemen, and I think perhaps you had better. This is not a legend, this is a reputation – and, seen in perspective, it may well be one of the most secure reputations of our time. † General characteristic 1. The text under consideration is a part of well-known novel â€Å"The Great Gatsby† by F. Scott Fitzgerald. F. Scott Fitzgerald is widely praised as the finest and most celebrated novelist of the twentieth century America. Fitzgerald’s masterpiece The Great Gatsby, referred to as â€Å"The Great American Novel†, stands as the supreme achievement of his career. The Great Gatsby is the classic novel about the American Dream, one of the great novels of the 20th Century as it captures perfectly some essential quality of the American myth and dream of the Jazz Age. The novel has profoundly portrayed the unsatisfied desire of the wealth and the success and displayed the theme of the novel— the disillusion of American dream. Meanwhile, it also shows Fitzgerald’s outstanding talent and the writing technique incisively. His style is exquisite, and the plot is compelling. The splendid work establishes Fitzgerald as a great writer in American literature. Fitzgerald’s novel reveals his poetic temperament and style. His observation to the world is exquisite. 2. The general slant of the text is a 1st person (sing. narration, which shows that we deal with narrative with the personage uttered monologue – so the whole narration sounds very subjective. Narrator clearly expresses his opinion, gives an extraordinary description for all the personages and events. 3. The text of the story is not homogeneous. The author’s narration is interrupted by the dialogues of the characters. Direct speech harmoniously interrelates with n arration. It leaves much for the reader’s guesswork and helps the reader to realize all the events taking place in the story. 4. The linguo-stylistic analysis proper: I. Phonographic analysis The traditional text segmentation is observed in this story. It consists of paragraphs. Sometimes direct speech appears in the story. Also changes of the print present in the story, especially capitalization of some words. Author wants to underline some words and phrases with the help of this mean. That’s why he indicates the whole word by the capital letters. e. g. A momentary hush; the orchestra leader varies his rhythm obligingly for her, and there is a burst of chatter as the erroneous news goes around that she is Gilda Gray’s understudy from the FOLLIES. I don’t think it’s so much THAT,† argued Lucille sceptically; â€Å"it’s more that he was a German spy during the war. † â€Å"There’s something funny about a fellow that’ll do a thing like that,† said the other girl eagerly. â€Å"He doesn’t want any trouble with ANYbody. † As for rhythmical background of the text, there are alliteration and assonance for better reading and perception of the story. e. g. Every Friday five crates of oranges and lemons arrived from a fruiterer in New York†¦ Laughter is easier minute by minute, spilled with prodigality, tipped out at a cheerful word. II. Lexical analysis ) The words are stylistically neutral in the text. The communicative situation is highly informal. Narrator describes all events which take place at the Gatsby’ party. The communicative situation is highly informal. The vocabulary includes not only standard colloquial words and expressions, but also idioms, phrasal verbs, barbarisms, etc. e. g. The bar is in a full swing, and floating rounds of cocktail permeate the garden outside, until the air is alive with chatter and laughter†¦ â€Å"See! † he cried triumphantly. â€Å"It’s a bona-fide (real) piece of printed matter†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Also the colloquial words proper are observed here. . g. â€Å"†¦This fella’s a regular Belasco. It’s a triumph. What thoroughness! † The writer strong sense of place is revealed by the use of barbarism such as hors-d’oeure (snack), chauffeur, gayety (elegance), etc. Even some archaic phrases are in the text. e. g. †¦already there are wanderers, confident girls who weave here and there among the stouter and more stable, become for a sharp, joyous moment the centre of a group, and then, excited with triumph, glide on through the sea-change (a profound or notable transformation) of faces and voices and color under the constantly changing light. ) The analysis of the vocabulary shows that author uses extraordinary words and words combination to make reader complicit in the story. The most of the words are neutral but rich in connotations. III. Morphological analysis Past Indefinite Tense is frequently used in the chapter, because narrator speaks about past events. But in the third paragraph Past Indefinite Tense is changed for Present In definite and Present Continuous Tenses to transfer the reader into the atmosphere of celebration, it creates the effect of immediate presence. The change of tenses registers changes in the narrated events. IV. Syntactic analysis How to cite Stylistic Analysis of Great Gatsby, Essay examples

One flew over the cuckoos nest Argumentative Essay Example For Students

One flew over the cuckoos nest Argumentative Essay In the book One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest by Ken Kesey the use of Christ imagery is overall effective. One of the first images was the fishing trip planned by McMurphy because only twelve people went and Jesus took twelve disciples with him on a fishing trip. Billy Bibbits turning on McMurphy near the end by admitting that he was involved in McMurphys plan was like Judas admitting he participated with Jesus. Towards the end of the story McMurphy is a martyr just like Jesus because the patients arent free until he dies. Those are a few examples of how Kesey uses Christ imagery in his book. On the fishing trip that McMurphy planned twelve patients went. Those patients were Martini, McMurphy, Bibbit, Bromden, Harding, Frederickson, Scanlon, Tadem, Sefelt, George, Gregory, and Dr. Spivey. By sitting back and allowing the others to handle the storm on their own, McMurphy helps them prove they are worth something to themselves. Just the way Jesus taught his disciples to be self-sufficient in preparation for his own death. When Billy Bibbit was caught by Nurse Ratched with candy the prostitute he blamed McMurphy for forcing him to do that because he was scared the nurse would tell his mother. What worries me, Billy, she said I could hear the change in her voice-is how your mother is going to take this. (Kesey pg.301) Duh-duh-dont t-tell, M-M-M-Miss Ratched. Duh-duh-duhBilly, I have to tell. I hate to believe you would behave like this, but, really, what else can I think? I find you alone, on a mattress, with this sort of woman. No! I d-d-didnt. I was (Kesey pg.301) Billy this girl could not have pulled you in here forcibly. She shook her head. Understand, I would like to believe something elsefor your poor mothers sake. (pg.302) She d-did. He looked around him. And M-M-McMurphy! He did And Harding! And the-the-the rest! They t-t-teased me, called me things!(Kesey pg. 302) They m-m-made me! Please, M-Miss Ratched, they may-may-May!(Kesey pg.302)McMurphy is shown as a martyr like Jesus was because the pa tients really dont become free until he dies. Before the treatment is administered to him McMurphy climbs on the table without help and spreads his arms out to hit the shadow. A switch snaps the clasps on his wrists, ankles, clamping him into the shadow (Kesey pg. 272) When the graphite salve is put on his temples and they tell him its a conductant he says Anointest my head with conductant. Do I get a crown of thorns? (Kesey pg. 272) They also give him a rubber hose to bit on, just as Christ was given a sponge soaked in vinegar to suck on. As Christ saved mankind from sin and taught them to have hope in an eternal life. McMurphy saves the patients from the repressive society and teaches them to have hope in themselves. In conclusion, those were my reasons of why I think that the Christ imagery in this book is effective. Firstly, when the fishing trip was planned and McMurphy went with 12 people was the same as Jesus going with his twelve disciples. Secondly, Billy Bibbits turning on McMurphy near the end by admitting that he was part of McMurphys plan was like Judas admitting that he was involved with Jesus. Thirdly, towards the end of the story McMurphy is a martyr just like Jesus because the patients arent free until he dies. That is how Christ imagery is effective in One Flew Over The Cuckoos Nest.Words/ Pages : 583 / 24

Review of Anatomy of Grey Play Essay Example

Review of Anatomy of Grey Play Essay Anatomy of Grey Play Review I went and saw Anatomy of Gray at Orange Community Play House in Orange, Texas. I went on a a Thursday night and it was performed by the Orange Community Players. The play was ultimately about a town who does not have a doctor. A young woman prays and wishes for a doctor to come to the town because the community was starting to get sick. When the doctor arrives and begins to help everyone but falls in love with the young ladys mother. Everyone in the community starts to get sick and is begining to die. The mother makes the daughter and the doctor leave the town which is the only way to stay alive. The actors in the play were extremely believable. They accomplished this by nailing all of their lines and moevmentsin the performance. The most successful actress was the young women who fell in love with the doctor and eventually moved from the small town to stay alive. The old lady sang really good, I really enjoyed her part in the performance. The actors were listening to each other and were in perfect sync. The director did a great job with the entire show. We will write a custom essay sample on Review of Anatomy of Grey Play specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Review of Anatomy of Grey Play specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Review of Anatomy of Grey Play specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer All the elements in the show went perfectly with the actors, the sets, and the lighting. The whole stage was used and the performers moved around throughout the entire stage. The pace of the production seemed to be right. I thought it might have dragged out a little but picked up in the secound act. The type of theatre that was used was a picture fame stage. The stage was fairly small but perfect for the production that was being put on. It was a simple theatre with a older look to it. The stage sat directly in front of the audience seating. The play space was also a little small but worked out great for the performance. The production was perfect the way it was setup. The scenery was pretty clever throughout the performance. There was a stack of hay which made me think that it was back in the olden days when they rode horses and medicine did not really exist. It looked real like i was in this old town. It effected the production by allowing the perforers to easily move around and provided enough information for the viewer to understand what was going on. he scenery made me visualise me being with the performers on the stage. The costumes were a little dull but i guess thats how people dressed back in those days. the information that the costumes portrayed helped me understand the performance to the fullest. The costumes really brought out the characters personality and social status. My favorite costume was when the man was in that diaper or the under ware it was quite funny. I thought the lighting was constructed alrig ht and changed on time and really influenced the scene it was trying to portray. Although, I was not very impressed because it seemed like typical lighting you would find in any play. Nothing really stood out or grabbed my attention as much as I feel it should have. I did although enjoy the thunder and lightning and when the man came out with the under ware on. I don’t feel as if it influenced the play as much as it could have. But I still think it was a good job. The goals portrayed by the characters was affectionate, hatred, and love. I felt they all did a good job at what they were suppose to do. Even though i thought that some of the performance was pretty funny. The best character was the older lady she had a dry sense of humor which i absolutely loved. I just felt because the play itself was rather boring, I found it hard to follow and to figure out what was actually going on. I thought the play was good but not great. I found it boring and hard to follow. The characters were good at their job and so was the director. I just thought the plot was slow and hard to follow. It was entertaining in some aspects, it just wasn’t for me. I didn’t have a favorite scene or part of the performance. But as for everyone involved i thought they did a really good job.

American Civil War - American Civil War Eastern Theater 1863 to 1865

American Civil War - American Civil War Eastern Theater 1863 to 1865 Previous: War in the West, 1863-1865 Page | Civil War 101 Grant Comes East In March 1864, President Abraham Lincoln promoted Ulysses S. Grant to lieutenant general and gave him command of all Union armies. Grant elected to turn over operational control of the western armies to Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman and shifted his headquarters east to travel with Maj. Gen. George G. Meades Army of the Potomac. Leaving Sherman with orders to press the Confederate Army of Tennessee and take Atlanta, Grant sought to engage General Robert E. Lee in a decisive battle to destroy the Army of Northern Virginia. In Grants mind, this was the key to ending the war, with the capture of Richmond of secondary importance. These initiatives were to be supported by smaller campaigns in the Shenandoah Valley, southern Alabama, and western Virginia. The Overland Campaign Begins the Battle of Wilderness In early May 1864, Grant began moving south with 101,000 men. Lee, whose army numbered 60,000, moved to intercept and met Grant in a dense forest known as the Wilderness. Adjacent to the 1863 Chancellorsville battlefield, the Wilderness soon became a nightmare as the soldiers fought through the dense, burning woods. While Union attacks initially drove the Confederates back, they were blunted and forced to withdrawal by the late arrival of Lt. Gen. James Longstreets corps. Assaulting the Union lines, Longstreet recovered the territory that had been lost, but was severely wounded in the fighting. After three days of the fighting, the battle had turned into a stalemate with Grant having lost 18,400 men and Lee 11,400. While Grants army had suffered more casualties, they comprised a lesser proportion of his army than Lees. As the Grants goal was to destroy Lees army, this was an acceptable outcome. On May 8, Grant ordered the army to disengage, but rather than withdrawal towards Washington, Grant ordered them to continue moving south. Battle of Spotsylvania Court House Marching southeast from the Wilderness, Grant headed for Spotsylvania Court House. Anticipating this move, Lee dispatched Maj. Gen. Richard H. Anderson with Longstreets corps to occupy the town. Beating the Union troops to Spotsylvania, the Confederates constructed an elaborate set of earthworks in the rough shape of an inverted horseshoe with a salient at the northern point known as the Mule Shoe. On May 10, Col. Emory Upton led a twelve regiment, spearhead attack against the Mule Shoe which broke the Confederate line. His assault went unsupported and his men were forced to withdrawal. Despite the failure, Uptons tactics were successful and were later replicated during World War I. Uptons attack alerted Lee to the weakness of the Mule Shoe section of his lines. To reinforce this area, he ordered a second line built across the salients base. Grant, realizing how close Upton had been to succeeding ordered a massive assault on the Mule Shoe for May 10. Led by Maj. Gen. Winfield Scott Hancocks II Corps, the attack overwhelmed the Mule Shoe, capturing over 4,000 prisoners. With his army about to be split in two, Lee led Lt. Gen. Richard Ewells Second Corps into the fray. In a full day and nights fighting, they were able to retake the salient. On the 13th, Lee withdrew his men to the new line. Unable to break through, Grant responded as he did after Wilderness and continued moving his men south. North Anna Lee raced south with his army to assume a strong, fortified position along the North Anna River, always keeping his army between the Grant and Richmond. Approaching the North Anna, Grant realized that he would need to split his army to attack Lees fortifications. Unwilling to do so, he moved around Lees right flank and marched for the crossroads of Cold Harbor. Battle of Cold Harbor The first Union troops arrived at Cold Harbor on May 31 and began skirmishing with the Confederates. Over the next two days the scope of the fighting grew as the main bodies of the armies arrived on the field. Facing the Confederates over a seven mile line, Grant planned a massive assault for dawn on June 3. Firing from behind fortifications, the Confederates butchered the soldiers of the II, XVIII, and IX Corps as they attacked. In the three days of fighting, Grants army suffered over 12,000 casualties as opposed to only 2,500 for Lee. The victory at Cold Harbor was to be the last for the Army of Northern Virginia and haunted Grant for years. After the war he commented in his memoirs, I have always regretted that the last assault at Cold Harbor was ever made...no advantage whatever was gained to compensate for the heavy loss we sustained. The Siege of Petersburg Begins After pausing for nine days at Cold Harbor, Grant stole a march on Lee and crossed the James River. His objective was to take the strategic city of Petersburg, which would cut the supply lines to Richmond and Lees army. After hearing that Grant crossed the river, Lee rushed south. As the lead elements of the Union army approached, they were prevented from entering by Confederate forces under Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard. Between June 15-18, Union forces launched a series of attacks, but Grants subordinates failed to push home their assaults and only forced Beauregards men to retire to citys inner fortifications. With the full arrival of both armies, trench warfare ensued, with the two sides facing off in a precursor to World War I. In late June, Grant began a series of battles to extend the Union line west around the south side of the city, with the goal of severing the railroads one by one and overextending Lees smaller force. On July 30, in an effort to break the siege, he authorized the detonation of a mine under the center of the Lees lines. While the blast took the Confederates by surprise, they quickly rallied and beat back the mishandled follow-up assault. Previous: War in the West, 1863-1865 Page | Civil War 101 Previous: War in the West, 1863-1865 Page Civil War 101 Campaigns in the Shenandoah Valley In conjunction with his Overland Campaign, Grant ordered Maj. Gen. Franz Sigel to move southwest up the Shenandoah Valley to destroy the rail and supply center of Lynchburg. Sigel began his advance but was defeated at New Market on May 15, and replaced by Maj. Gen. David Hunter. Pressing on, Hunter won a victory at the Battle of Piedmont on June 5-6. Concerned about the threat posed to his supply lines and hoping to force Grant to divert forces from Petersburg, Lee dispatched Lt. Gen. Jubal A. Early with 15,000 men to the Valley. Monocacy Washington After halting Hunter at Lynchburg on June 17-18, Early swept unopposed down the Valley. Entering Maryland, he turned east to menace Washington. As he moved towards the capital, he defeated a small Union force under Maj. Gen. Lew Wallace at Monocacy on July 9. Though a defeat, Monocacy delayed Earlys advance allowing Washington to be reinforced. On July 11 and 12, Early attacked the Washington defenses at Fort Stevens with no success. On the 12th, Lincoln viewed part of the battle from the fort becoming the only sitting president to be under fire. Following his attack on Washington, Early withdrew to the Valley, burning Chambersburg, PA along the way. Sheridan in the Valley To deal with the Early, Grant dispatched his cavalry commander, Maj. Gen. Philip H. Sheridan with an army of 40,000 men. Advancing against Early, Sheridan won victories at Winchester (September 19) and Fishers Hill (September 21-22) inflicting heavy casualties. The decisive battle of the campaign came at Cedar Creek on October 19. Launching a surprise attack at dawn, Earlys men drove the Union troops from their camps. Sheridan, who was away at a meeting in Winchester, raced back to his army and rallied the men. Counterattacking, they broke Earlys disorganized lines, routing the Confederates and forcing them to flee the field. The battle effectively ended the fighting in the Valley as both sides rejoined their larger commands at Petersburg. Election of 1864 As military operations continued, President Lincoln stood for reelection. Partnering with War Democrat Andrew Johnson of Tennessee, Lincoln ran on the National Union (Republican) ticket under the slogan Dont Change Horses in the Middle of a Stream. Facing him was his old nemesis Maj. Gen. George B. McClellan who was nominated on a peace platform by the Democrats. Following Shermans capture of Atlanta and Farraguts triumph at Mobile Bay, Lincolns reelection was all but assured. His victory was a clear signal to the Confederacy that there would be no political settlement and that war would be prosecuted to end. In the election, Lincoln won 212 electoral votes to McClellans 21. Battle of Fort Stedman In January 1865, President Jefferson Davis appointed Lee to command of all Confederate armies. With the western armies decimated, this move came too late for Lee to effectively coordinate a defense of the remaining Confederate territory. The situation worsened that month when Union troops captured Fort Fisher, effectively closing the Confederacys last major port, Wilmington, NC. At Petersburg, Grant kept pressing his lines west, forcing Lee to further stretch his army. By mid-March, Lee began to consider abandoning the city and making an effort to link up with Confederate forces in North Carolina. Prior to pulling out, Maj. Gen. John B. Gordon suggested a daring attack on the Union lines with the goal of destroying their supply base at City Point and forcing Grant to shorten his lines. Gordon launched his attack on March 25 and overran Fort Stedman in the Union lines. Despite early success, his breakthrough was quickly contained and his men driven back to their own lines. Battle of Five Forks Sensing Lee was weak, Grant ordered Sheridan to attempt a move around the Confederate right flank to the west of Petersburg. To counter this move, Lee dispatched 9,200 men under Maj. Gen. George Pickett to defend the vital crossroads of Five Forks and the Southside Railroad, with orders to hold them at all hazards. On March 31, Sheridans force encountered Picketts lines and moved to attack. After some initial confusion, Sheridans men routed the Confederates, inflicting 2,950 casualties. Pickett, who was away at a shad bake when the fighting started, was relieved of his command by Lee. The Fall of Petersburg The following morning, Lee informed President Davis that Richmond and Petersburg would have to be evacuated. Later that day, Grant launched a series of massive assaults all along the Confederate lines. Breaking through in numerous places, Union forces forced the Confederates to surrender the city and flee west. With Lees army in retreat, Union troops entered Richmond on April 3, finally achieving one of their principle war goals. The next day, President Lincoln arrived to visit the fallen capital. The Road to Appomattox After occupying Petersburg, Grant began chasing Lee across Virginia with Sheridans men in the lead. Moving west and harried by Union cavalry, Lee hoped to re-supply his army before heading south to link up with forces under Gen. Joseph Johnston in North Carolina. On April 6, Sheridan was able to cut off approximately 8,000 Confederates under Lt. Gen. Richard Ewell at Saylers Creek. After some fighting the Confederates, including eight generals, surrendered. Lee, with fewer than 30,000 hungry men, hoped to reach supply trains that were waiting at Appomattox Station. This plan was dashed when Union cavalry under Maj. Gen. George A. Custer arrived in the town and burned the trains. Previous: War in the West, 1863-1865 Page Civil War 101 Previous: War in the West, 1863-1865 Page | Civil War 101 Meeting at Appomattox Court House While most of Lees officers favored surrender, others did not fearing that it would lead to the end of the war. Lee also sought to prevent his army from melting away to fight on as guerrillas, a move that he felt would have long term harm for the country. At 8:00 AM Lee rode out with three of his aides to make contact with Grant. Several hours of correspondence ensued which led to a cease fire and a formal request from Lee to discuss surrender terms. The home of Wilmer McLean, whose house in Manassas had served as Beauregards headquarters during the First Battle of Bull Run, was selected to host the negotiations. Lee arrived first, wearing his finest dress uniform and awaited Grant. The Union commander, who had been suffering a bad headache, arrived late, wearing a worn privates uniform with only his shoulder straps denoting his rank. Overcome by the emotion of the meeting, Grant had difficulty getting to the point, preferring to discuss his previous meeting with Lee during the Mexican-American War. Lee steering the conversation back to the surrender and Grant laid out his terms. Grants Terms of Surrender Grants terms: I propose to receive the surrender of the Army of N. Va. on the following terms, to wit: Rolls of all the officers and men to be made in duplicate. One copy to be given to an officer designated by me, the other to be retained by such officer or officers as you may designate. The officers to give their individual paroles not to take up arms against the Government of the United States until properly exchanged, and each company or regimental commander sign a like parole for the men of their commands. The arms, artillery and public property to be parked and stacked, and turned over to the officer appointed by me to receive them. This will not embrace the side-arms of the officers, nor their private horses or baggage. This done, each officer and man will be allowed to return to their homes, not to be disturbed by United States authority so long as they observe their paroles and the laws in force where they may reside. In addition, Grant also offered to allow the Confederates to take home their horses and mules for use in the spring planting. Lee accepted Grants generous terms and the meeting ended. As Grant rode away from the McLean house, the Union troops began to cheer. Hearing them, Grant immediately ordered it stopped, stating he did not want his men exalting over their recently defeated foe. End of the War The celebration of Lees surrender was muted by the assassination of President Lincoln on April 14 at Fords Theater in Washington. As some of Lees officers had feared, their surrender was the first of many. On April 26, Sherman accepted Johnstons surrender near Durham, NC, and the other remaining Confederate armies capitulated one by one over the next six weeks. After four years of fighting, the Civil War was finally over. Previous: War in the West, 1863-1865 Page | Civil War 101

The Effect Of Music Education On Children Between The Ages Of Three Research Paper

The Effect Of Music Education On Children Between The Ages Of Three And Five - Research Paper Example Todd McFlicker has written an article that outlines the many ways that an education in music can help develop a child’s cognitive skills in order to increase success in education and in endeavors post education. He suggests that it is clearly evident that music can stimulate creativity and elevate mood in children, but it has become evident from a variety of studies that music can increase cognitive development to the point that a child can significantly realize a benefit. McFlicker (2010) quotes Dr Gordon Shaw, a specialist in brain theory, in saying that children who learn to play the piano develop a higher level of spatial-temporal reasoning. Helen Neville, PhD has taken the theory of the relationship of a music education to the cognitive development of three to five year olds into the field and received positive results that allow for some confirmation of the positive effect of music education, however, not for reasons that are related directly to music. The use of music a s a tool for increasing cognitive development in small children is somewhat supported, but the individuated attention and the focus on detail awareness may be at the core of the benefit.

How are African -Americans Represented on the Screen and in the Media Essay

How are African -Americans Represented on the Screen and in the Media - Essay Example African Americans have achieved prominence in many fields in American, still the media for racial and psycho – political reasons; have historically failed to project a balanced perspective of the Black experience. Mainstream media has systematically under – represented African Americans in genre outside sports, music and comedy and over represented Blacks as criminal or indigents. It shows that Blacks are takers and burden for the society. The news media of America rarely publicize Black’s contribution to American serious business, making their image appear that of an irresponsible community. Television news tend to illustrate welfare and poverty by portraying urban Black rather than rural whites. As per (Entman 59)â€Å"In its reporting on poverty, television paints a Bosch- like – landscape of social disruption and danger in which the principal actors, mainly Black, are visually associated with poverty as threat†. In earlier movies, African Americ ans were depicted as slaves and servants. Politically Blacks are depicted as sources of disruption, as victims, or as complaining supplicants. American belief about Black is based on what they observe in movies, television, dramas, newspaper, radio and other medias. Sadly, media elites may have some incentive to represent Black in negative terms. They want to appeal white and to entertain them showing their privilege and white dominion in the society. In his book (Covington 98)writes that ,â€Å"Across a whole range of media, the Black people are held responsible for their won poverty and violence because their under value class cause their self – defeating behaviors†. Even the black women characters in many films get implicated in the violence of males, especially the black single mothers who raise their sons alone. Films depict black single mothers as incapable of raising children, thereby blaming them for the poverty and violence that pervades underclass communities . Movies represent black women as hedonistic and oversexed and routinely cast them as drug addicts and prostitutes. Clearly crime also has increasingly become a way to talk about race differences in Hollywood, political campaigns and news media. In his journal (Balkaran ) mentions that ,â€Å" As a result of the overwhelming media focus on crime, drug use, gang violence, and other forms of anti-social behavior among African-Americans, the media have fostered a distorted and pernicious public perception of African-Americans†. Black males are constantly portrayed as dangerous and assaulting and killing each other in gang fights or brawls as a way of achieving manhood. Black woman also have long been represented as masculinized in media and films. As per (Murarka) â€Å"African Americans portrayals in the media are often times based on negative stereotypes they do not accurately portray reality†. According to (Hall 90)â€Å"Media has portrayed African American men as vio lent, menacing, and dangerous, often time having very dark skin and overly exaggerated†. This is kind of color representation of African males enhances negative evaluation on all the African American males. The media and films have always socially alienated African Americans throughout American history. Media consistently shows Black American youth as gang bangers, drug dealers, misogynists and gold wearing criminal misfits. In 1980s television

Catharine Parr Traills The Backwoods Of Canada English Literature Essay

Catharine Parr Traills The Backwoods Of Canada English Literature Essay Nevertheless, one of the ships officers soon dissuades Traill and her husband of this opinion as he states that, if they were closer, they would find every variety of disease, vice, poverty, filthy and famineà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬human misery in its most disgusting and maddening form. They move up river towards Quebec. However, once again, they are not allowed to go ashore due to pestilence within the city. Traills account of her experiences thus far, that is, the voyage and her first views of the Canadian landscape convey both the beauty of the vistas she perceived and their inherent dangers, as one can gather that hardship and disease were the constant companions of the lands natural beauty, which Traill is very good at describing in lyrical detail. Throughout her account, the modern reader learns interesting details of Canadian life during this era. For example, she is intrigued when the ship passes islands that have herd of cattle grazing on them. The captain explained that local farmers ferry the animals to the island on flat-bottomed boats or swim them across, if possible, and leave them to graze, with someone from the farm canoeing out to milk them on a daily basis. In Lower Canada, below Quebec, the land has a wild and rugged aspect, but Traill comments on the increased fertility as the ship approaches Montreal and how the land surrounding this city seems willing to yield her increase to a moderate exertion. Having landed in Montreal, Trail is struck by the dirty, narrow, ill-paved or unpaved streets. Ultimately, Traill and her husband settle near the town of Peterborough and become true pioneering settlers, as her husband is entitled to land due to his British military service. Furthermore, they are able to purchase land that will give them a water frontage. Throughout her letters, it is fascinating to read Traills very British take on North American life. For example, she is critical of log cabins that she views from the river where the settlers have not taken time out from survival to plant roses around their casements. Likewise, she is amazed that the sons of naval and military officers and clergymen stand behind the counter in shops or wield an axe in the woods and still maintain their rank and status among the aristocracy of the country. Likewise, she is equally surprised that the Americans she meets are polite, well-behaved people rather than the exhibiting the odious manners that she expected. Those people with the worst manners, who displayed a sense of independence that was not exactly suitable to their actual station in life were people who, like themselves, were European settlers. In particular, Traill criticizes a young Scotsman who seemed to be particularly adamant on stressing to Traill and her husband, as English aristocra ts that in the New World, he was not obliged to observe the niceties of the European class system. At every juncture in their journey, the Traills seem to have an easier time of handling the many transitions of emigration as they have money and can purchase assistance. For example, when they finally arrive at their homestead, Traills husband hired people to log up (that is, to draw the chopped timbers into heaps for burning) and clear a space for building our house upon. Nevertheless, she explains to her British mother, and in doing so also to her British readership, that they were also expected to call the bee,' that is, to provide everything necessary for the entertainment of our worthy hive, i.e., the neighbors who assemble to raise the walls of your house, shanty, barn or any other building in a raising bee.' Once again, Traill appears to be astonished that all evidence of class distinctions are laid aside in order for neighbors to help each other. It is interesting to note how Traill quickly learns to abandon the notions of what is proper, which she naturally brought with her from England, as she adapts to her new country. She comments on the need for adaptation by writing about the different peoples to whom life in Canada is well suited. For example, she says that the poor laborer suited to this life because, after a few years of hard work, he can enjoy his own log-house and the fruits of his land and see his children grow up as independent freeholders. Likewise, a rich speculator can do well in the New World. However, an aristocrat whose habits have rendered him unfit for manual labor is not suited to life in North American to the slightest degree, for if he is idle himself, his wife extravagant and discontented, and the children taught to despise laborThey will soon be brought down to ruin. When the Traill home is finished, it sounds extremely inviting. The pillars of their verandah are extremely pretty, wreathed with the luxuriant hop-vine, mixed with the scarlet creeper and morning glory, the American name for the most splendid flowering plant. They have a handsome Franklin stove with brass gallery and fender for warmth and also a brass-railed sofaCanadian painted chairs, a stained pine table, green and white curtains and a handsome Indian mat that covers the floor. Their many books occupy one side of the room, while large maps and prints cover the rough walls. Traill has a knack for description that enlivens her entire narrative, as she paints verbal portraits of landscapes and settings that enable her readers to envision what she sees and does. Sometimes, her reactions are surprising. For example, in describing the severe cold of a Canadian winter, she seems perplexed by the presence of static electricity in her clothing. Nevertheless, while suffering to some extent in the severe cold. Traill is, as always, able to find something pleasurable about the experience and she also lists the charms of this season. By the end of her narrative, Traill has totally discarded all reference that disparage her life in North America as compared to life in England and embraced freedom from convention, identifying herself as a bush-settler, writing: we bush-settler are more independent: we do what we like; we dress as we find most suitable and most convenient; we are totally without the fear of any Mr. or Mrs. Grundy; and having shaken off the trammels of Grundyism, we laugh at the absurdity of those who voluntarily forge afresh and hug their chains. From this passage, it is implied that the reference to Grundyism refers to the notions of etiquette that Traill has thoroughly rejected as inappropriate and silly within the context of frontier life. It is easy to see that a nascent sense of the Canadian national character being forged in her consciousness, as she rejects class distinctions and embraces the liberty and opportunity possible in her new life.

Has Cultural Globalization Been Good or Bad for Egypt?

Globalization is defined as â€Å"making something worldwide in a certain function† (dictionary. com). The incredible shift a country, the society, and the country’s culture inherits both positive and negative aspects. The change is not as visible in developed countries in comparison to developing countries. Egypt is a poor, developing country in which is influenced by countries across the world. Different elements such as the economy and the society must be considered to determine whether globalization has a positive or negative effect on Egypt. To begin, with the spread of the idea of globalization in Egypt and worldwide new economical advancements have forced an alteration in how bank systems are used today. The positive outlook on this developing issue is that the new system tries to adapt in order to fit the global picture of how a bank should act and what exactly their roles should contain. Also, globalization has â€Å"enhanced the manner of how businesses should operate and the manner of how larger companies take in and execute the cash flow of money† (Ganguly). On the other hand, the bank system is corrupt and several citizens till this day do not understand the new system. The reason behind their confusion is because the lack of knowledge, gap of social classes, and inability to adapt to a new development. Their aspect is the manner in which the bank is perceived negatively and is why several citizens, especially the ones of a lower class, stay far away from the bank system. Next, the issue that has shaken the Egyptian society as a whole is whether or not to accept the fact that their original cultural values are beginning to adjust due to the uprising and spreading of globalization. With the distribution of diverse cultures, it is difficult for the citizens of Egypt to stay intact with their own cultural principles. For instance, fashion plays a tremendous role in the altering of cultural values. This can be seen today in the male youths who walk the streets of Cairo, Egypt wearing low-waist jeans, loose t-shirts and holding the â€Å"coolest trend of all, a cigarette in their right hand†(Ganguly). When being compared to the youths of the early 1900s men at this time did not have the lavish choice to wear anything but slacks and a dress shirt. Even on casual outings their dress code required nothing but chinos.

Theme Assignment- Night

Night Theme Assignment Holocaust survivors provide an opportunity for studying the lasting effects of massive suffering and extremely stressful experiences. Before the Second World War, the Germans made laws, which said that Jewish people are no longer welcomed in Germany. German people began to persecute them. When the Second World War started most of the Jews were brought to concentration camps all over Europe including Eliezer and his father. Everyone who was in one of these concentration camps will never forget their experience during the war.In the novel, Night, Elle Wiesel states the theme, that the victims of the Jewish holocaust are profoundly affected by their hellish experiences. Many quotations from different major characters extracted from the novel support the theme. â€Å"One day I was able to get up, I decided to look at myself in the mirror on the opposite wall. I had not yet seen myself since the ghetto†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 115) this quotation is a final statement abou t the effect the Holocaust has had on Eliezer. He implies that even though he has survived the war physically, he is essentially dead; his soul was killed by the suffering he witnessed and experienced.In this quote he indicates a fundamental separation between his sense of self and his identity as a Holocaust victim. His body-image reminds him of how much he suffered throughout the holocaust and how much of himself-his faith in God, his innocence, his faith in mankind, and his family. Eliezer survives and develops a sense of identity that will endure beyond the Holocaust. In assessing the impact of the Holocaust on survivors, it needs to be said that no person could have survived Hitler's concentration camps and emerged totally unchanged. Never shall I forget that night, the first night in camp that turned my life into one long night seven times sealed â€Å"(p. 34, 11-12) this is one of the first quotation which shows that Eliezer’s life change from the beginning of the cam p. The quotation is taken after Eliezer is brought to the camps. In his head there are always these memories from the journey they had to make. He thinks about Mrs. Schachter who went crazy in the train because she had no water. He thinks about the smoke from the crematoria which scared him a lot.And he thinks about all his lost hope. Elizer doesn’t believe in god anymore beginning from this point. He thinks if someone like god would exist, he wouldn’t have to suffer in a concentration camp and he wouldn’t have to see all these pain. â€Å"That night, the soup tasted of corpses† (p. 65) this passage occurred after the pipel suffered, struggled between life and death, under Eliezer’s eyes, as he was obligated to watch a criminal act. Eliezer's had seen worse, like the old man and the Polish boy who had done wrongs to deserve the punishments they received.The Polish boy stole during the bombing session and the old man ate soup from the cauldron. The pipel on the other hand did not really do anything wrong, but refused to talk and sacrificed his life. The death of the innocent child represents the death of Eliezer’s own innocence. Elizer was starting to lose faith in god in a world where an innocent child could be hung on the gallows and his entire emotional worldview transformed. The fact that the young boy remained alive and experienced death slowly made them cringe the most, which is why the soup tasted like corpses.Many psychological effects caused by the Holocaust forever changed the way the Jewish people view the world and themselves. â€Å"Many years later in Paris, I sat in the Metro, reading my newspaper. Across the aisle, a beautiful woman with dark hair, and dreamy eyes. I had seen those eyes before. † (p. 53, 21-23) this quotation occurs when Eliezer is working in a factory. One day, unprovoked, Idek, a German officer, savagely beats Eliezer, after which a French girl who works next to Eliezer in the wa rehouse offers some small kindness and comfort.She tells him to keep his anger for another day and advise him not to begin consider rebellion but to rely on faith. Eliezer sees after many years this one French girl again in Paris. He still remembers her look, especially her eyes. They talk about what happened in their past and in this one moment they shared. This quotation proves that pain goes by, but the horrible memories are still alive and can be affective in a person’s life. â€Å"Men to the left, women to the right† (p. 29) eight words spoken, indifferently, without emotion with painful life changing meanings. These ords separated Eliezer and his mother and sister forever, as well as countless other husbands and wives, mothers and sons, fathers and daughters on their arrival. The weak, old, and young people were basically worthless and had to be immediately executed by the SS officers. It emphasizes the cruel Nazi guards and the tragedies that were daily upon Jew s in Auschwitz concentration camp. Millions of Jewish lives were profoundly affected by the Holocaust as a result. Being separated from your loved ones at such a young age is something that sticks with you your whole life and can make you cold as a person. Years later I witnessed a similar spectacle in Aden. Our ship’s passengers amused themselves by throwing coins to the â€Å"natives,† who dove to retrieve them† (p. 100, 18-20) in this quotation Elizer is after the Holocaust on a ship for holidays. When this ship passes natives the passengers starting to throw coins to them. Elizer sees how to young children are fighting in the water to grab these coins. Immediately his old memories are coming up when he is sitting in the train and people try to help by throwing bread into the wagons. But the people in there are starting to kill each other for bread.Deeply in Eliezer’s memories is one moment when a son kills his own father just to eat his bread. Elizer w ho felt this pain already once doesn’t want to happen it again, so he tells the passengers on the ship to stop it. All this proves that his experience and all the things that happened in concentration camps will never be forgotten by the prisoners â€Å"Jews, listen to me! That’s all I ask of you. No money. No pity. Just listen to me! † (p. 7) this passage occurs after Moshe returns and describes how the deportation trains were handed over to the German secret police at the Polish border.He escaped the concentration camp in order to warn Eliezer about the situation, but no one wanted to believe his story and people thought he was a lunatic. Moshe was a different person when he returned to his hometown; the joy inside of him was gone. His horror stories about deprivation, killing, and taking away everything you owned sounded so awful and unbelievable that his truth was dismissed. Moshe tried his best to warn the people from Sighet, but they ignored him and as a r esult everything that he was telling the citizens actually occurred again in 1944.This time he was clever enough to slip away before getting caught again. This quotation proves that Moshe’s previous hellish experience affected his chance of surviving. â€Å"I became A-7713. From then on, I had no other name. † (p. 42, 23) The Nazis started in the camp to mark people. They did it so they wouldn’t have to learn the names of the prisoners and the Nazis could handle with numbers and letters to identify them. Every prisoner became his own number. This number is a symbol for how he was seen in Auschwitz, as a slave and not as a person.This tattoo will always stay on Eliezer’s body, and it constantly reminds him of the many bad memories and feelings at the camp. So the most terrible thing which will always remind Elizer of his ominous time at Auschwitz is his tattoo. Night mostly occurs when suffering is worst, and its presence reflects Eliezer’s belief t hat he lives in a world without God. In Night, Eliezer exploits this allusion and develops the theme that the victims of the Jewish holocaust are deeply affected by their hellish experiences.Wiesel's experiences in the concentration camps of Auschwitz and Buchenwald are very well detailed in the story; his accounts of starvation and cruelty are shocking—an intense testimony to the penalties of evil. The Holocaust was perhaps the most evil single event ever performed by human beings. Today, he is a writer, professor, political activist, and a holocaust survivor. â€Å"No human race is superior, no religious faith is inferior. All collective judgments are wrong. Only racists make them† Eliezer Wiesel.

Causes of the Greek liquidity crisis; how conditions were...

Causes of the Greek liquidity crisis; how conditions were before the crisis Events that happened preceding the crisis The structural economic support weakened –when Greece entered the euro zone in 2001 the convergence criteria which supposed to provide sound financial systems within the economy and the GSP were established to prevent financial and economic crises. Greece entered the euro zone without meeting the requirements of the convergence criteria, how this might have happened is due structural failures or a political failure of European leaders, this put Greece already at a disadvantage plus†¦show more content†¦When the government sells these bonds there are many risk factors to take into consideration, the interest rates these bonds are sold at is one of the risk factors to consider. There are other countries with sustainable growths and it was assumed that those countries would lend a helping hand to Greece because if their policies worked in their countries then Greece would try and incorporate those policies in their own country. The sustainability of the Greece debt was a lmost guaranteed by the other member states with more stable monetary policies .Greece reached a point where its public deficit was three times higher than the previous government and this was a clear indicator that Greece was in a crisis and that it would take a long period meaning many years to pay back the debt, and it would need to be bailout. The build up to the Greek crisis Firstly In Greece, there were no systems to adjust money and credit growth, so money was spent by the government as the would see it fit to do so, there were loans made and loans repaid causing it to run large current account and fiscal deficits without taking any policy measures. 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