The Rwandan Genocide of 1994 - 1183 Words

In April of 1994 a terrible event took place, one where approximately one-million people were brutally murdered on the basis of their ethnicity or if they opposed the regime. (Uvin, 2003). This terrible event occurred in Rwanda, and it is known as the Rwandan Genocide. Genocide can be described as a one sided mass killing in which the state or other authority intends to destroy a group, as that group and membership in it are identified by the perpetrator. (Hintjens, 1999) This is exactly what took place in Rwanda in 1994. In Rwanda the population was mostly Hutu (84%) and had two minorities, Tutsi (15%) and Twa (1%). (Hoex, 2010) The perpetrators of the genocide were the Hutu majority and the victims were the Tutsi. In order to†¦show more content†¦As the scholars said â€Å"invention of tradition,† is basically saying that these roles in the society at the time of the genocide had been constructed and it was not something that was primordial. Generation aft er generation this concept of the ethnic difference between the Hutu and Tutsi was more accepted and held to be true. The belief of this being true does not make it true, but just gives power who benefit from this belief. During the colonial period these distinctions became more important. When colonists came to Rwanda they imposed their racial hierarchal system. They said that the Tutsi were not even native Africans and came from a different land and that is why they had the right to rule over the Hutu majority. This was also necessary to the Belgians because it gave them a sense of order, where there were once about twelve clans in the area where they colonized. This way they did not have to learn the culture and make it simpler to rule because there were only two ethnic groups to manage. The Belgians imposed this story of the right to rule and how the two groups of people were different. This also led to the differences in the occupations that the groups were allowed to h old. The Tutsi were delegated the job of ruling, cattle, and military. In order to create this difference that was not really there before, they need a method to divide the people. They did so by the amount of cattle that the man had. If the man had more than ten heads ofShow MoreRelated Rwandan Genocide of 1994 Essays2528 Words   |  11 PagesThe Rwandan Genocide of 1994 lasted only for a brief period and lasted for approximately a hundred days. During that time, an estimated amount of 800 000 people were slaughtered. Beginning on April of 1994, massacres were held on a daily basis with the intent to eliminate an ethnic group known as the Tutsi by another ethnic group known as the Hutus. This genocide was overlooked by the United Nations, and the superpowers of the time offered very little or no assistance at all to Rwanda. The civilRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide Of 1994 Effect The Hutu And Tutsi1998 Words   |  8 Pagesinvestigation will seek to answer the question â€Å"H ow Did the Rwandan Genocide of 1994 Effect the Hutu and Tutsi?† I chose this question because last year I read the book Left to Tell and I wanted to know more about the two different types of groups, the Hutus and the Tutsis. This was and still is an important topic because many died that day just for belonging to a specific group. This topic shows how much our world has changed since 1994. In order to answer my historical investigation question, IRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide Began On April 6Th 1994 Culminating1370 Words   |  6 PagesThe Rwandan Genocide began on April 6th 1994 culminating in the killing of an estimated 800,000 Hutus and their sympathizers. After it became apparent that the Rwandan government was not willing or able to protect it s citizens, the question became why did the international community do nothing to intervene. Rwandan citizens’ lived under the premise, that their rights are protected under UN accords and treaties. The Genocide Convention of 1948, outlined the responsibilities of the participatingRead MoreRelationship Between Rwanda, Israels Perceptions Of The 1994 Rwandan Genocide1249 Words   |  5 PagesBeginning in 2008, my research focuses mostly on Rwanda’s political, militarily, economic reconstruction since the 1994 Rwandan Genocide. This research has led to a greater exploration of regional dynamics between other African Great Lakes region nations. During my various periods living within Rwanda, I have had the opportunity to perform independent research and analysis on the nation’s political, military, agricultural-focused development, religious and social history and presence. This researchRead MoreThe Rwanda Of The Rwandan Defence Force904 Words   |  4 Pageshistory, perpetrators, victims and bystanders with difficult answers on how to solve them. The p ost-genocide nation of Rwanda witnessed one of the most horrific events a nation could experience, genocide. However, it has rebuilt itself to become an example nation for transitional justice, political stability and economic development. Rwanda’s military capabilities within the institute of the Rwandan Defence Force (RDF) are well known for its organisation capability and effectiveness in compact. InRead MoreWhat Was Happening Of Your Town?1094 Words   |  5 Pagesin your town? I was born on April 13, 1994, in a small town in the USA. Today, I am a college going student, busy with my studies and other activities. However, during a history lesson, something made me ponder as to what the world would have been like in the year I was born or the month. I listen regularly to the news, but those headlines are forgotten by the end of the day. I just wondered what my city or town or the country was like in the year 1994. I was thinking about going back by twoRead MoreRe Writing History And Rwandan Identity Through The Kigali Genocide Memorial Centre Essay1473 Words   |  6 PagesRe-writing History and Rwandan Identity Through the Kigali Genocide Memorial Centre In April 2004, the Kigali Genocide Memorial Centre opened to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the Rwandan Genocide. Peacefully overlooking the city of Kigali, the Centre seeks to be a place of remembrance and honor for survivors as well as a step towards creating Rwanda’s post-genocide identity. Rwanda has sought to find its place politically, socially, and in memory through this westernized approach to remembranceRead MoreInternational Community Is Culpable For The Rwandan Genocide1376 Words   |  6 PagesFrom April to June 1994, in a mere 100 days, approximately 800,000 Tutsi and moderate Hutu were murdered during the Rwandan genocide (Destexhe, 1994). The international community failed to prevent or stop this slaughter. Considering the horrific nature of this genocide and the vast number of victims, there is a question whether the international community is culpable for the Rwandan genocide; specifically, the role of its key players, the US, the UN, France and Belg ium. I will argue that the internationalRead MoreRwand The Rwandan Genocide1296 Words   |  6 Pages The Rwandan genocide was the killing of 800,000 people in just 100 days. The Rwandan genocide took place in 1994. During this time Rwanda was a small country with a mostly agricultural economy. Although it is small it had one of the largest populations. In 1994 Rwanda was made up of three different ethnic groups. The Hutu made of 85% of the Rwandan population. The Tutsi’s made of 14% of the population and was the minority. The Twa was a small Pygmy group that made up 1% of the population (unitedhumanrightsRead MoreInformative Speech on Rwandan Genocide Outline1300 Words   |  6 PagesBen Johnson Intro to Comm. 1320-04 11/8/12 Rwandan Genocide General Purpose: To Inform Specific Purpose: To share with the class that the Rwandan Genocide was a brutal genocide that most people know little about. Thesis: The Rwandan Genocide is one of the lesser known, quickest, and most inhumane genocides this world has ever seen, and it is still affecting the people of Rwanda till this day. Organizational Pattern: Topical Introduction I. Attention Getter:

Investigating Altered States of Consciousness Essay

Investigating Altered States of Consciousness â€Å"The question of what consciousness is, is one that has intrigued psychologists.† (Hayes, N Orrell, H, 2000, page 116.) ‘The term altered states of consciousness refers to significant change in what is considered a normal waking awareness’ (Crisp, T, 2003, Altered states of consciousness, http://www.homepages.tesco.net/~waves/asoc.htm) An altered state of consciousness takes many forms such sleep, dreams, hypnosis, coma and the effects of psychoactive drugs. Learning about these altered states of consciousness helps us learn why we have these different altered states and how and why we benefit from it. Altered states of awareness can be caused†¦show more content†¦Sleep is an important altered state of consciousness without we lose out on many things according to Oswald, he quotes â€Å"the purpose of sleep is to restore depleted energy reserves, eliminate waste products from the muscles, repair cells and recover lost physical abilities. (Mcliveen, R Gross, R, 1996, Biopsychology, Hodder Stoughton, page 101.) There has been many studies where people have deprived themselves of sleep, Randy gardener conducted a famous study, he deprived himself of 11 days and12 minutes hours of sleep. Gardner did experience lack of coordination, hallucination, blurred vision, muscle tremors, slurred speech, memory lapses and concentration difficulties as a result of lack of sleep. Lack of sleep therefore is not a light matter although Gardner did not suffer from any long term effects from conducting this study. The relevance of sleep to the human body cannot be over emphasised. From this study we can learn that sleep is important and with out it we could not properly function in our day to day lives. Sleep deprivation studies has taught as these important factors. Rechtschaffert supports that sleep is important he conducted a study using rats, placed them on a disc that was in water, EEG monitors were attached to the head to monitor brain activity, when the rat fall asleep disc rotated therefore the rat had to move to avoidShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding The Complexity Of Consciousness2247 Words   |  9 Pagesfully understand the complexity of consciousness, it must be defined. However there is no universal accepted definition due to the concept is looked at from many different positions and in different terms. In this essay which will explore altered states affecting consciousness, the definition which will be used is ‘One is aware of surroundings, and is able to make decisions and the ability to apply different experiences to different situations’. When consciousness is not present, a person is thenRead More The Consequences of Epilepsy Essay1528 Words   |  7 Pages The Consequences of Epilepsy Epilepsy: Any of various neurological disorders characterized by sudden recurring attacks of motor, sensory, or psychic malfunction with or without loss of consciousness or convulsive seizures (1). Is epilepsy a purely physical phenomenon? The question is a complicated one. Put simply, the answer should be yes. The psychological trauma sometimes caused by the seizures, however, makes the answer more complex, along with a more troubling trend. In yearsRead MoreInvestigating the Extent to Which Historians Can Be Objective1137 Words   |  5 PagesInvestigating the Extent to Which Historians Can Be Objective ‘You have reckoned that history ought to judge the past and to instruct the contemporary world as to the future. The present attempt does not yield to that high office. It will merely tell you how it really was’ - Leopold Von Ranke ‘There are no facts, only interpretations’ – Nietzsche Here we encounter two diametrically opposed views concerning objectivity. It can be argued that â€Å"true† objectivity cannotRead MoreReform Judaism As Liberal And Progressive Judaism1837 Words   |  8 Pagesto be the founder of the Reform movement. While he was investigating Jewish history he discovered that many of the old practices were changed in favor of new ones. Geiger also felt that the more changes that are made to keep up with the times will make Judaism attractive to all Jews. Olmec Religion was the small traditional religion that I chose. The location that the Olmec Religion was practiced in the Gulf of Mexico which is now the states of Tabasco and Veracruz, but their influence spread toRead MoreAudrie And Daisy : A Documentary Analysis1469 Words   |  6 Pagesand law enforcement officials give important details about the aftermath of the events, and introduce viewers to possibly the biggest villain of all, Sherriff Darren White of Maryville, Missouri. Throughout the documentary White appears smug when he states that â€Å"as County Sheriff, â€Å"the buck stops here† (White), and when asked about the crimes committed by Maryville’s football star, he rebuts with â€Å"was there a crime?† (Darren White). As the film moves through the twists and turns of the cases, the settingsRead MoreThe Documentary : Audrie Daisy, Husband And Wife Director Team Bonnie Cohen Essay1464 Words   |  6 Pagesand law enforcement officials give important details about the aftermath of the events, and introduce viewers to possibly the biggest villain of all, Sherriff Darren White of Maryville, Missouri. Throughout the documentary White appears smug when he states that â€Å"as County Sheriff, â€Å"the buck stops here† (Darren White), and when asked about the crimes committed by Maryville’s football star, he rebuts with â€Å"was there a crime?† (Darren White). As the film moves through the twists and turns of the casesRead MoreAn Analysis Of Audrie Daisy, Husband And Wife Director Team Bonnie Cohen Essay1500 Words   |  6 Pagesand law enforcement officials give important details about the aftermath of the events, and introduce viewers to possibly the biggest villain of all, Sherriff Darren White of Maryville, Missouri. Throughout the documentary White appears smug when he states that â€Å"as County Sheriff, â€Å"the buck stops here.†(White) and when asked about the crimes committed by Maryville’s football star, he rebuts with â€Å"was there a crime?† (White). Montages, long and subjective shots, close-ups, and personal sketches highlightRead MoreN Fowleri Consists Of An Amoeba2180 Words   |  9 Pagesand the nucleolus is less pronounced. The N fowleri may change to the flagellated (motile, non-feeding) state due to a lack of nutrients in the environment. The cystic form serves as protection, and the organism may change to this state in response to negative environmental factors like pH changes, toxin exposure, anaerobic conditions, and desiccation. The trophozoite form is the feeding state, and would occur in favorable, nutrient-rich conditions. Trophozoites are the only infective stage of NRead MoreThe Use Of Recreational Drugs And Its Effects On Mental Health2286 Words   |  10 PagesThe use of recreational drugs has been common among humans ever since their psychoactive effects and ability to alter consciousness was discovered. A downside to this is that according to research, substance use has been linked to the development and expression of latent mental illness (a mental disorder that a person may carry the genes for but not express). My main research focus is the question of how drug use, especially hallucinogenic drugs, mediates and effects mental health, and whether itRead MoreThe Stand Against Elder Abuse1897 Words   |  8 Pagessometimes hidden signs, and how to properly take action against abuse. â€Æ' Imagine you have just received report for your patient Ms. Smith, who is 80 years old, and admitted for UTI and Altered mental status. You enter the room to find Ms. Smith crying. When you ask her what is wrong, she covers her face, and states â€Å"I sorry Sam it was an accident. Please don’t be mad, please don’t hurt me, I’m sorry I couldn’t get up in time†. Upon assessment you find, Ms. Smith was incontinent, and will need to be

Eastern State Penitentiary A History in Prison Reform free essay sample

A complete history of the construction of Eastern State Penitentiary and an exploration of the famous inmates and stories that are associated with the prison. A detailed paper that outlines the history of one of Philadelphias national historical landmarks, Eastern State Penitentiary. The author describes the history of its philosophy and construction, as well as facts regarding the massive penitentiary. Construction began on May in 1822. The penitentiary received its first prisoner in October of 1829, though the prison would not be completed until 1836. Eighteen-year-old Charles Williams was Easterns first prisoner, sentenced to two years for theft. The identity of Charles Williams disappeared, there was now only prisoner number one in his place. As he was walked to his cell, a black hood was placed over his head, to protect his identity and to help minimize escapes. The only person to see an inmate was a guard who brought meals to an inmate, which were deposited through a slot in the door. We will write a custom essay sample on Eastern State Penitentiary: A History in Prison Reform or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The walls were eighteen inches of thick stone. Pastors and ministers would make rounds to Eastern State on a weekly basis, reading scriptures and preaching sermons, but even for this, inmates remained in their cells. Inmates were not allowed to converse, whistle, sing, or even know who the president was at the time. Any inmate not obeying these strict rules were deprived of dinner that night. However, during the exercising sessions, inmates would throw pebbles over the walls with a note attached to communicate with other prisoners.

Three Reasons Against Gun Control Essay Example For Students

Three Reasons Against Gun Control Essay There has been an increased interest to the problem of recent gun regulations in society and whether they are reasonable or not. Many people believe that gun restrictions are not the answers to address the existing problem effectively. Like most of the other social issues, some argumentative points should be taken into account as far as the problem of the gun control is concerned. Both sides have their moderate and more extremist supporters. However, even though from the beginning gun restrictions control have been used for the purpose to secure individuals’ safety, some strong opposite points of view should be taken into account. We will write a custom essay on Three Reasons Against Gun Control specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now First of all, gun restrictions are direct violations of the second amendment. In fact, how can citizens stop the individuals with guns without using guns? Confiscation of everyones guns will create new issues in the problems of self-security. Any restrictive collective right threatens the individual liberties.   One more case that should be taken into account is womens rights. Because of the huge criminal violence directed against them, females use firearms ownership for self-defense. Thought the history, there are many cases when guns have been used for the defeating â€Å"bad guys.† The restrictions against ones right to possess firearms contradict womens right of self-protection. Hence, every citizen should be able to have guns to protect one’s life. These guns may not only save one’s life but also make sure that a person feels safe at own place. Also, every person should be able to protect one’s territory and family members from any form of violence. Secondly, gun restrictions are not effective policies as one should not blame guns for killing people. It is individuals themselves who kill others. Hence, in case the guns are prohibited, people will find many other ways to harm others, including knives, hammers, and even bomb. Probably, it will only increase the percentage of deaths. The problem is more connected to ones mental illness. One common example is the existing prohibitions that were supposed to stop consuming alcohol. If they did not stop individuals from buying and consuming alcoholic drinks, gun control would also not be able to prevent others from using guns for personal purposes. There are many other sophisticated and more effective approaches to secure effective gun control rather than just banning them. The last argument against gun control is that it only will lead to illegal gun business and the appearance of black markets selling guns. These guns are most commonly used by criminals. Hence, gun control would not solve the issue from a long-term perspective mainly because it is impossible to control every member of society who has guns. In case people have no official permission to buy guns for self-protection, there will be many black markets or platforms on the Internet that will sell guns. Ironically, the evidence demonstrates that primarily the countries with severer gun control have more cases of illegal gun selling. It is an ineffective policy as it will only lead to higher levels of gun violence, contrary to what one may think. In fact, any weapons are mainly manufactured by board companies before they fall into the wrong hands. Probably, it is much more effective to start with manufactures. First of all, any companies selling guns should secure that the customers are mental ly healthy individuals who obey the laws. Some deeper examinations are needed before a person gets the right to buy a gun. Besides, every citizen should mindfully buy the guns and make sure that they are used only in extreme cases.